Idaho

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State Motto

Esto perpetua (Let it be perpetual)

State Motto of Idaho

Idaho State Information

Idaho is the 43rd State in the Union

Idaho, located in the northwestern United States, is celebrated for its breathtaking natural landscapes and abundant opportunities for outdoor recreation. Known as the "Gem State" for its rich mineral deposits, Idaho is home to majestic mountain ranges such as the Rocky Mountains and the Sawtooth Range. The state also boasts stunning natural wonders, including Lake Coeur d'Alene and Shoshone Falls. With its vast wilderness, Idaho is a haven for outdoor enthusiasts, offering activities like hiking, skiing, white-water rafting, and fishing. The state’s economy is strongly rooted in agriculture, particularly potato farming, alongside significant contributions from mining, especially silver extraction, and technology.

Boise, the state capital, stands as the economic and cultural center of Idaho. The city plays a vital role in the state’s growing technology sector, while Idaho’s rugged frontier spirit, strong community ties, and a commitment to preserving its natural beauty continue to shape its identity. Idaho’s blend of outdoor lifestyle, agricultural strength, and technological growth makes it a unique and vibrant state in the U.S.

State Nickname of Idaho

Idaho Geography

Download maps of Idaho

Idaho's geography is a stunning display of natural diversity, featuring rugged mountain ranges, fertile valleys, and expansive rivers. The Rocky Mountains dominate much of the state, with iconic peaks like those in the Sawtooth Range offering dramatic views and excellent outdoor exploration opportunities. The Snake River, which winds through deep canyons like Hells Canyon, enhances Idaho’s scenic beauty and provides ample opportunities for water-based activities. Vast forests cover much of the state, serving as important wildlife habitats and recreation areas.

In contrast to its mountainous terrain, southern Idaho is home to fertile valleys that support thriving agriculture, especially in potato farming, a key economic driver. From towering peaks and winding rivers to lush valleys and dense forests, Idaho’s geography is a testament to the state's diverse landscapes, making it a perfect destination for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts.

Idaho Economy

Idaho's economy is built on a diverse blend of industries, with agriculture serving as its backbone. The state is a leading producer of potatoes, wheat, sugar beets, and dairy products, making farming essential to its economic foundation. Manufacturing also plays a significant role, with industries like food processing, electronics, and wood products contributing to the state’s prosperity.

In recent years, the technology sector has experienced substantial growth, particularly in Boise, where tech companies and startups have found success. Tourism is another vital economic driver, with Idaho's breathtaking landscapes, outdoor recreation opportunities, and national parks drawing millions of visitors annually. Together, these industries create a strong and diversified economy that supports Idaho’s growth and resilience.

Idaho at a Glance

Key facts about Idaho covering taxes, cost of living, income, and climate.

Taxes

Idaho levies a flat income tax rate of 5.80% on all taxable income. Residents carry a moderate overall tax burden of 8.60% of income, and the combined state and local sales tax averages a low 6.02%.

Overall Tax Burden

Income Tax:	5.80% (flat rate)
Overall Tax Burden:	8.60% of income
State Sales Tax:	6.00% (6.02% avg combined with local)
Property Tax Rate:	0.69% effective rate
Gas Tax:	32.00¢ per gallon
Estate Tax:	No

Cost of Living & Housing

Idaho has a below-average cost of living, running about 3.3% cheaper than the national average. The median home price is $432,000.

Cost of Living Index

Cost of Living Index:	96.70 (US avg = 100)
Median Home Price:	$432,000
Median Monthly Rent:	$1,200/mo

Income & Employment

Idaho's median household income of $66,688 is near the national average. The unemployment rate stands at a healthy 3.10%, and the poverty rate is 10.10%.

Median Household Income

Median Household Income:	$66,688
Minimum Wage:	$7.25/hr
Unemployment Rate:	3.10%
Poverty Rate:	10.10%

Climate

Idaho gets a moderate amount of sunshine, averaging 128 sunny days per year. Winters are cold, averaging 30.0°F in January, with summers reaching 76.0°F in July, and the state receives moderate snowfall of about 22.00" per year.

Sunny Days / Year

Sunny Days / Year:	128 days
Avg January Temp:	30.0°F
Avg July Temp:	76.0°F
Annual Rainfall:	12.10"
Annual Snowfall:	22.00"

Demographics

Idaho has a relatively young population with a median age of 36.6. The state is sparsely populated at 22.3 people per square mile, and the population is growing rapidly at 2.10% per year.

Median Age

Median Age:	36.6 years
Population Density:	22.3 per sq mi
Population Growth:	2.10% (last census)

Idaho State Symbols